Although there is some debate among academics and scholars as to the cause of overrepresentation of people of color in Maryland’s prison and jails, the fact that the growing use of incarceration in this state has disproportionately impacted the state’s non-White citizens is undeniable. While the expansion of Maryland’s prison system has affected all of its citizens, the state’s prison and jail growth have had particularly damaging effects on Maryland’s communities of color. Given the high costs of Maryland’s current incarceration policies, the findings suggest that legislators should consider policies that will treat, rehabilitate and educate, rather than merely incarcerate, growing numbers of Maryland’s minority citizens.